comprehensive profiling of humoral antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus-2 (cov-2) proteins is essential in understanding the host immunity and in developing diagnostic tests and vaccines. to address this concern, we developed a sars-cov-2 proteome peptide microarray to analyze antibody interactions at the amino acid resolution. with the array, we demonstrate the feasibility of employing sars-cov-1 antibodies to detect the sars-cov-2 nucleocapsid phosphoprotein. the first landscape of b-cell epitopes for sars-cov-2 igm and igg antibodies in the serum of 10 coronavirus disease of 2019 (covid-19) patients with early infection is also constructed. with array data and structural analysis, a peptide epitope for neutralizing antibodies within the sars-cov-2 spike receptor-binding domain’s interaction interface with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor was predicted. all the results demonstrate the utility of our microarray as a platform to determine the changes of antibody responses in covid-19 patients and animal models as well as to identify potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
